Autism The Needs of Children and Families Free Essay Example, 3750 words

7). Severe autism, Asperger Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS), also known as atypical autism, are three developmental disabilities that make up the spectrum (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 2008). Characteristics As discussed earlier, severe autism is a part of a spectrum in that this autistic child may exhibit these types of characteristics, at a certain level, while another might have a different set of characteristics at another degree. Furthermore, the impairments that autism presents may have different effects on different children (The National Autistic Society 2008a). In order to distinguish between the three different disorders belonging to ASD, the triad of impairments must be discussed, as this is the primary standard wherein diagnoses are most often based. However, it must be noted that there are other characteristics of autism other than the three that will be discussed. They are: sensory processing problems (eg. hypersensitive and hyposensitive); motor dysfunctions (eg. clumsiness); arousal/activation problems (high emotional reactivity, hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity); repetitive, restricted and stereotyped interests, activities and behaviors; and behavior problems (eg. n on-compliance and aggression) (Whitman and Kingsley 2004, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Autism: The Needs of Children and Families or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now 52). These are but a few of the specific characteristics of autism that are not included in the triad of impairments—things that parents and families with autistic children and adults should also watch out for. The Triad of Impairments The triad of impairments is the three primary areas most affected by autism. These are verbal and non-verbal communication, reciprocal social interaction and restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behaviour, interests and activities or more generally known as social communication, social interaction and social imagination, respectively (The National Autistic Society 2008b). Social Communication Those within the autistic spectrum disorders usually cannot communicate effectively using verbal and non-verbal communication. Examples of common speech problems of autistic individuals are: (1) echolalia or just repeating what the other person is saying; (2) repeating specific phrases that they have associated with a particular action or request, failing to integrate the use of correct pronouns, for instance, saying â€Å"Do you want milk? † instead of â€Å"I want milk; † and (3) Missing necessary articles that link words to form coherent sentences, for example, saying â€Å"want drink milk† instead of â€Å"I want to drink milk† (Gillson, 1999).

John F. Kennedy Inaugural Speech Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 654 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? John F. Kennedy once said, â€Å"I am not the Catholic candidate for President. I am the Democratic Partys candidate for President, who happens also to be a Catholic. † In this single sentence, he uses a method of Aristotle’s persuasive speech making. One of the greatest examples of using rhetorical strategies is indeed John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address of 1961. John F. Kennedy uses diction, syntax, and Aristotle’s method of persuasion in his inaugural address that not only made it uniquely his own, but made it undoubtedly one of the best, emotion tugging, speeches ever. It was a very cold, icy January day when John F. Kennedy made his inaugural address. He was the youngest president to ever take office. He won by a very small margin. He was the first Roman Catholic president. In this way, he established ethos. The shortness of the speech showed he cared about the audience standing in the freezing temperatures on that wintry day. First, Kennedy uses Aristotle’s rhetorical speech making method–the appeals: ethos, logos, and pathos. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "John F. Kennedy Inaugural Speech Analysis" essay for you Create order He establishes ethos by naming how important God is to him and to the future of the United States. In other words, he is finding common ground with his audience. He also talks as if he as well as all the American citizens are in making this country better together by using words like us and we. He uses ethos by quoting the Bible (Isiah 58:6) to show he has done all the research. He also shows he has thought out every side to the arguments saying he will be a horrible president. He establishes pathos by asking what you can do for your country. He takes every person into consideration by asking what they can do, making everyone feel like they have a part in the country. Diction plays a very strong part in this speech. President Kennedy uses words like: life freedom, poverty, devotion, loyalty, and sacrifice to draw people in. For example, these are all words that can relate to everyone. Everyone can put these words in his or her own perspective. They are very powerful words, and people have their own interpretations of them. He uses metaphors and personification to create an image. For example, â€Å"the jungle of suspicion† and â€Å"those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger, ended up inside. † Both of these can paint a picture in the listener’s (or reader’s) head, and can help them understand what JFK is referring to in his speech. Sometimes President Kennedy uses words that seem old fashioned. He does this because he is the youngest president, and he tries to appeal to the older people to show them he is as mature as any other person who could have been elected president. Syntax helped Kennedy achieve his purpose as well. He used short paragraphs to get his point across. For example â€Å"And, so my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country. † Think of how famous this quote has become! The short sentences make more of an impression. They express more emotion. Complex sentences are also used in this speech. They allow feelings to be built up in sentences. He uses opposites in this speech a lot. For instance, â€Å"Never let us negotiate out of fear. But let us ever fear to negotiate. † This shows he has considered all counterarguments and knows exactly what he wants to achieve while in office and that he is as qualified as any other politician to be the next president of the United States. Aristotle’s rhetorical strategies can help a writer achieve the art of persuasion. John F. Kennedy’s inaugural speech is a perfect example of this. In this speech he used the basic rhetorical appeals (ethos, logos, and pathos), diction and word structure, and syntax and sentence and paragraph structure.

Falling Of The Higher Class - 1320 Words

Abdul Parwani Mrs. Coleman English 103 23 July 2013 Falling of the Higher Class In William Faulkner’s short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† the protagonist, Emily, is a quiet upper-class woman who is disliked by many in her community, mainly due to her awkward behavior and highly respected social status. While the community progresses during the industrial revolution Emily remains a distant relic of the past that refuses to move on. The story exhibits traits of a capitalist community that is based on classism. Emily is a part of the town’s upper class and the rest of the town consists of middle to working class citizens. The town’s populace has conflicted feelings toward Emily and consistently judges her and her behavior. The town’s feelings toward Emily are based on classism, due to the fact that they believe that Emily is in some ways better than they are because she belongs to a higher class of people. This feeling of inferiority that the town feels makes life for Emily difficult because it forces her into a life of solitude . A life based on someone’s class can in some cases create distance between the classes; that is evidently shown through the interactions made between classes. A life based on a classist ideology can cause more harm than good and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a prime example of the harmful effects classism can have on a community and the people that reside in that community. Industrialization during Emily’s era stirred a violent commotion between classes as theyShow MoreRelatedPhysics : Physics Of Physics1522 Words   |  7 Pagesthe pen to keep it from falling, so the pen will keep falling until it hits the floor. One of the most basic examples of how forces in physics work is a man standing. What keeps the man from simply falling forever or floating off into the air? The study of physics explains why the man stays on the floor. 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Using Illegal Substances Help Win - 1709 Words

Using illegal substances to help win? Is that acceptable to any Hall of Fames of sports? â€Å"All good is hard. All evil is easy. Dying, losing, cheating, and mediocrity is easy. Stay away from easy.† Scott Alexander. What Alexander is saying in this quote is that cheating and loosing is easy to do and that’s why the real winners and the role models of sports take the hard path and earn what they deserve for being at that level of competition without the easy way. In no way shape or form is cheating acceptable to any of the halls due mostly to that the halls don’t only induct great players but great men. If a man had to break the law to become the â€Å"best† is he really the true best? Or are they just the best of the juiced up players? There are†¦show more content†¦In most cases of juicing athletes, the fans are baffled by the amazing talent of that player which isn’t why the player even does it. A player uses to become the best of the best and just needs a boost to get to that point. To the player he is throwing honor and integrity to the wind and will break the law to gain more talent than God has already provided. There are many stances that can be taken over the topic of PEDs from a religious view that a player is interfering the Lords â€Å"temple†, from the respect view with that thought of he had to cheat to be good, or from the affirmative side that the player was already athletic beyond belief and he still had to make it to the pros. Granted that the player still had the ball, or be able to throw a strike in the right place gives the affirmative side a good platform to stand on. For example Barry Bonds was an outstanding athlete however wasn’t the strongest or biggest on the field, until he began to use PEDs and he became a monster on the field, hitting home runs here and there and making astonishing plays in left field. Barry Bonds had become The Asterisk of the diamond until he was accused of using and became The Hormone King. Once accused people began to be infuriated with him and wanted nothing of him. However, who really hit the ball? Barry Bonds did. Now who made the ball go over the outfield fence? The Hormone

Lab Report Daphnia free essay sample

Effects of Alcohol, Caffeine, and Temperature on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Joseph Ezra Gallo BY124L MW 8:30-11:30 Introduction Ectothermic animals are animals whose body temperature is affected by their surroundings. This means that if the environment is cold the animal will be cold. If the environment is warm the animal will be warm. This is because the animal doesn’t have the capability of regulating its body systems to keep a constant body temperature. When an ectothermic animal is cold, its heart rate will lower. When the animal is warmer, the heart rate will raise – as long as the temperature isn’t sufficiently high to harm the animal. (Campbell, 2005) Alcohol is a depressant. This means that body systems will slow down when alcohol is introduced. In particular, the heart rate will get consistently lower. If too much alcohol is added, it will result in the death of the animal. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Daphnia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The alcohol acts by inhibiting the nervous system. (LaFave, 2003) After an intoxicating exposure to alcohol, an organisms system will be impaired for an extended period of time. Caffeine is a stimulant. It will work by causing the nervous system to work faster. Also, it will cause the blood vessels to constrict. (LaFave, 2003) These effects will work together to increase an animals heart rate. Under normal circumstances, the heart rate will increase as more caffeine is added. At some point the high concentration of caffeine will cause the heart to stop functioning. The effect of one outside substance can impair the effects of other substances. In this experiment we will intoxicate an organism. As a result, the nervous system will have difficulty responding when we introduce a stimulant. The caffeine will have no effect on the organism, because it will be insufficient to overcome the effects of the alcohol exposure. Background Daphnia magna is a freshwater ectothermic crustacean commonly referred to as a water flea. Its body is transparent. Because of its transparency we can observe the effects of substances on its body without surgical procedures. We can observe the heart of the Daphnia to be dorsal to the backbone, just behind the head. (Helms, 1998) The average Daphnia has a heart rate of about 180 beats per minute under normal conditions. We will observe the effects of temperature fluctuations, alcohol, and caffeine on this ectothermic animal. Hypothesis Hypothesis 1: The hypothesis is that lowering the temperature of the surroundings of the ectothermic Daphnia magna will cause its heart rate to lower, and raising the temperature will increase heart rate. Hypothesis 2: The hypothesis is that the heart rate of Daphnia magna will decrease as higher concentrations of alcohol solution are introduced to the system. Hypothesis 3: The hypothesis is that the heart rate of Daphnia magna will increase as higher concentrations of caffeine solution are introduced to the system. Materials and Methods For the sake of time, the experiment was split into two parts and each part was performed by a different team. One team worked on the effects of temperature changes on heart rate. The other team worked on the effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on the heart rate. Both teams obtained a plastic pipette and cut off the tip at the first graduation from the bottom to allow Daphnia magna to fit into the pipette. The teams each obtained a depression slide and smeared a small amount of petroleum jelly on one of the wells. Any excess petroleum jelly was wiped off so that there was only one layer on the well. Then each team used their pipette to draw a Daphnia magna from the jar and placed it on the petroleum jelly covered well. A Kimwipe was used to draw off excess fluid from the slide. Then one drop of solution was placed on the Daphnia magna to prevent it from drying out. Each slide was placed on a dissection microscope and the heart was located using the Helms manual and help from the lab instructor. Then one minute was given for the Daphnia magna to calm down. The following was the procedure used by the temperature team. After the Daphnia was given time to calm down, the team took a reading of its heart rate at room temperature (27 degrees C). The reading was taken by counting the heart beats for ten seconds and then multiplying by six to yield beats per minute. Next, a glass Petri dish was filled with ice water at five degrees Celsius. The cold water Petri dish was placed on the stage of the microscope, and the Daphnia was placed on top of the dish. When the Daphnia had been given a minute to acclimate to the changes, another heart rate reading was taken. Then the same procedure using the Petri dish to changed environmental conditions was used with cold tap water (23 degrees), warm tap water (30 degrees), and hot tap water (45 degrees). A heart rate reading was taken for each temperature. The following was the procedure used by the team that introduced chemicals into the environment of the Daphnia. First a zero reading was taken before any chemicals were introduced. The zero reading was an observation of the Daphnia’s heart rate before any substances were administered. All fluids were drawn off the slide using the corner of a Kimwipe. Then two drops of two percent alcohol solution were dropped onto the Daphnia. After a minute a heart rate reading was taken. The same procedure, including using the Kimwipe to draw off previous solution, was then used with four, six, eight, and ten percent solutions. A heart rate reading was taken after each solution was introduced. After the last alcohol solution a Kimwipe was used to draw off all of the solution and a drop of Daphnia culture fluid was added. After a minute another zero reading was taken. The team then used the same procedure used with alcohol to introduce caffeine solution of the same concentrations. Heart rate readings were taken after each solution. Results Table #1: Effect of Temperature Variations on Heart Rate of Daphnia magna |Temperature (C) |Heart rate (beats/minute) | |Room Temp. |224 | |5 degrees |146 | |23 degrees |182 | |30 degrees |214 | |45 degrees |0 (dead) | As the environment got further away from room temperature the effects were more pronounced. The heart rate got increasingly lower as Daphnia was placed in colder environments. The heart rate was 224 bpm at room temperature, then 182 at 23 degrees, and then 146 at 5 degrees. When the temperature was considerably higher than room temperature the Daphnia could not handle the extreme, and it died. Death occurred at 45 degrees. (Table 1) Table #2: Effect of Alcohol Solutions on Heart Rate of Daphnia magna |Concentration of Solution |Heart rate (beats/minute) | |0% |126 | |2% |84 | |4% |57 | |6% |42 | |8% |30 | |10% |18 | As higher concentrations of alcohol were introduced, the heart rate of Daphnia lowered on a steady trend. Heart rate was 84 bpm with 2% alcohol, 57 bpm with 4% alcohol, and 42 bpm at 6% alcohol. It can also be observed that the resting heart rate of this Daphnia was considerable lower than that of the Daphnia used in the temperature experiments. (Table 2) Table #3: Effect of Caffeine Solution on Heart Rate of Daphnia magna |Concentration of Solution |Heart rate (beats/minute) | |0% |6 | |2% |6 |4% |6 | |6% |6 | |8% |6 | |10% |0 (dead) | The zero heart rate was lower than the heart rate at the highest level of alcohol concentration. As higher concentrations of caffeine solution were introduced, there was no effect on this Daphnia. When a ten percent solution was added the heart stopped. (Table 3) Disc ussion Table 1 showed the trend of Daphnia magna’s heart rate lowering as temperatures were lowered. Based on this data it can be reasoned that Daphnia’s heart rate will lower anytime it is introduced to a colder environment. At some point Daphnia would freeze and die, but barring that point the heart rate would get lower and lower with colder temperatures. Along the same line of thinking, increasing environmental temperatures would increase Daphnia’s heart rate until the temperature is too high for survival. This data did not completely support the hypothesis because there was no provision for the possibility of death in the hypothesis. If the data had supported the hypothesis the Daphnia would have had a higher heart rate at 45 degrees rather than dying. Table 2 showed the effects of alcohol on Daphnia’s heart rate. The higher the concentration of alcohol, the lower Daphnia’s heart rate got. It can be assumed that this trend would continue until the Daphnia died. This data supported the hypothesis. Table 3 showed the effects of caffeine on Daphnia. This table showed no trend. As a result of the lack of a trend, this data did not support the hypothesis. This can be explained several ways. First, it could have been experimental error. The solution team could have forgotten to use a Kimwipe to remove an alcohol solution from the Daphnia. There also could have been errors in the way Daphnia was handled. Another possible explanation was that the Daphnia was too weak from the beginning. The Daphnia in the temperature experiments had a considerably higher heart rate than that of the Daphnia used in the solution experiments. This could show that the solution Daphnia was weak at the onset of the experiment. As a result the alcohol exposure was unrecoverable for that Daphnia. The ectothermic qualities of Daphnia explained the effects of temperature on the animal. (Campbell, 2005) Daphnia was more tolerant to lower temperatures than to higher temperatures. This was expected since Daphnia usually lives in cold water. (LaFave, 2003b) The alcohol affected Daphnia as expected. (LaFave, 2003) When the caffeine was introduced to the system, there was no change. This was not what we expected based on knowledge of how stimulants affect animals. LaFave, 2003) This can be explained by the excessive nervous system inhibition caused by the alcohol. This experiment can be used to show the practical application of chemicals and temperatures in regulating body function. It showed that a standard temperature is most preferred by an ectothermic creature. It also shows that chemicals can be introduced if there is any reason to sedate or revive a creature. These things have an obvious practical application in the medical field. Another application is in biological research when samples need to be kept alive, sedated for viewing, or revived. Conclusions 1. Daphnia magna is influenced by certain environmental conditions. 2. Daphnia magna cannot function in extreme situations. 3. Daphnia magna was unable to recover from the high alcohol concentrations. 4. The ectothermic nature and transparency of Daphnia magna made it very easy to observe the effects of environmental changes. Bibliography Campbell, Neil. , Jane B. Reece. 2005. Biology, 7th ed. Beth Wilbur ed. Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San Francisco, CA. pp 833-834. Helms, Doris. , Carl Helms. , Robert Kosinski. , John Cummings. , 1998. Biology in the Laboratory, 3rd ed. Judith Wilson ed. W. H. Freeman and Company Publishing, New York, New York. pp. 38-14 – 38-16 LaFave, N. Virtual Water Flea Experiment. http://www. geocities. com/nck12nlafave/daphnia. htm. 2003.

Case Summary free essay sample

In the case of the TSA; Transportation Safety Administration, the problem is that screeners are facing declining morale with a high turnover rate. This means that low morale and high turnover become prevalent through the screeners who work at TSA. According to a recent government’s report, low morale issues can make negative impacts on the employees in organizations. It implies that the screeners at TSA can not only be distracted on their jobs but also less focused on security and screening responsibilities because of the low morale. In fact, due to low morale, low payment, discrimination to minorities, and fear of retaliation by complaining, about one in five of the nation’s 45,000 screeners quit their jobs, which means that employees working at TSA have been suffering from decreased morale as well as discrimination. Based on these problems that are believed to have contributed to the low morale and high turnover between employees, they voted to allow the AFGE; American Federation of Government Employees to stand for them as a union in 2011. So Connors and O’Leary started to look for suitable employees, internal but also external. They faced problems in finding a suitable person because not everyone is willing to relocate in Israel as candidates have been worried about the increasing living standard costs and the political situation. Connor who worked for BBR the last 20 years first defined the task for himself and listed up the selection criteria. The future manager should be having an engineering background, he should be able to work together with the Israeli government but also getting along with Lizfeld as he will report regularly to him. In addition the candidate should have cultural empathy, a strong sense of politics, language ability, organizational abilities, and persuasiveness, ability to make decision, resourcefulness, flexibility and an adaptive and supportive family. Connor choosed three candidates who all had good characteristics but no one could fulfill all requirements. The first candidate was recommended because of his thirty-five years of electronics and radar experience. He had the necessary individual characteristics, studied in Israel and so he spoke fluent Hebrew. But Connor was worried that he wouldn’t stay with the company for a long time but more likely running his own show which c ould cause problems with Lizfeld. The second candidate was Robert Kyle, the Vice President of BRB ‘s radarelectronics department. He had also the technical expertise and moreover international experience in running two other international divisions for BRB but Connor was afraid of his cultural acceptance as he was not familiar with the country and language. The last candidate was an Israeli women who assist the head of electronics of Yassar Aircraft and brought Israeli thoroughness and assertiveness to the company in the states. There over she had international experience. Her weaknesses were that she was quite young, a lack of technical expertise and the fact that she was a woman. O’Leary who was looking for a suitable manager from the UK is an excellent person in recruiting and hiring innovative employees. He’s been several times successful by finding really good employees, also in hiring innovators from Israel. His recruiting for management positions were concentrated in internal promotion, but he decided if he couldn’t find a suitable employee within the organization, he would, like he usually does, take the Newspaper as his primary source of candidates. His first candidate was Michael Flack who worked for BRB for more than nineteen years. He brought a good expertise, but was more reputed as a tinkerer, so that he sometimes forgot about his administrative responsibilities. The second candidate was in O’Leary’s opinion the perfect candidate: he was currently vice-president of engineering at Eltra Electronics in Israel, had spent his career in different Israeli companies and was a strong-willed person. The only problem was that he had no international business experience and it could be a problem for him to follow Lizfield’s wish to inject western culture through his active management plan. The third candidate responded to the ad O’Leary published in â€Å"The times†. He was an English citizen of Jewish faith and brought the required expertise. His background in engineering and administrative functions coupled with his language skills mad him to a strong candidate. But the fact that his mother, who would loved to live in Israel, created doubts for O’Leary. He was worried about what would happen if his mother will pass away and whether he still would stay in Israel. Both managers noticed that the decision finding the perfect manager would be a hard one. All candidates had really good skills, but no person could fulfill all requirements.